還原雅思閱讀summary題型講堂
來源：
小編： 84對于眾多烤鴨而言，閱讀題目中的Summay題型，是個很大的夢魘，哪怕是已經(jīng)通過了大學四、六級考試的學生，也會經(jīng)常被這種題型給擊敗。加之雅思考試的時間有限，就更是平添了此種題型的難度。所以要想戰(zhàn)勝此種題型，除了良好的句子分析能力之外，方法就顯得格外重要了。
俗話說：7分審題，3分讀文章 ，說明審好題在雅思閱讀中尤為重要。對于summary題型來講 ，更是如此。從題目中我們至少可以清楚文章要我們找什么，有目的性的去找，然后帶著問題去找答案就清晰多了。
Charles老師帶著五大絕招幫助烤鴨們輕松搞定summay：
第一招：先看題目要求中有無choose，如：choose No More Than Three Words ....表明一定是原文中的單詞（此處注意單復數(shù)）。
第二招：summary 如果出現(xiàn)在文章的最后，多半定位詞（key word（s））也在原文后半部分。但要注意否定，主被動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)化.
第三招：通過關(guān)鍵詞單、復數(shù)原則變化來搞定， 如：原文：Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper.題目：one major difficulty is the removal of ink from used paper but _____ are being made in this area.（＊＊＊＊＊難度）首先答案應(yīng)為復數(shù)名詞，便可直接斷定答案：advances.
第四招：謂語動詞時態(tài)也是關(guān)鍵點（過去、現(xiàn)在、將來）題目可能是將來時，原文定位詞所在句可能是過去時，直接排除，另找他句。。。
第五招：謂語動詞的狀態(tài)：發(fā)生了／未發(fā)生
發(fā)生了：代表開始，過程，結(jié)束
未發(fā)生：代表假設(shè)if，should 等
現(xiàn)在我們用劍7第一套第二篇The True Cost Of Food 中的summary 為列，來實踐如上五大原則：
原題重現(xiàn)：Professor Pretty concludes that our__22___ are higher than most people realize, because we make three different types of payment. He feel it is realistic to suggest that Britain should reduce its reliance on___23___ .Although most famers would be unable to adapt to___24___ , Professor Pretty wants the government to initiate change by establishing what he refers to as ____25___. He feels this would help to change the attitudes of both___26__and __27___. （＊＊＊＊＊難度）
題目分析：在分析題目時，首先得清楚這個空要我們填什么詞性的詞（常見以名詞為主），比如介詞（of, with, by, towards，on等）之后，連詞and之后。
22題采用絕招三，根據(jù)謂語are，我們首先能確定該空為復數(shù)名詞，其次關(guān)鍵詞為professor pretty，原文也很好定位。再者重點注意謂語動詞concludes，我們可以判斷此項是一種結(jié)果。在原文D段我們可以第一次找到professor pretty ，那么我可以在整個 D段發(fā)現(xiàn)只有2句中有復數(shù)名詞：第一句：professor pretty and his colleagues calculated the externalities of British agriculture....
第二句：they added up the costs of repairing the damage it caused....從這兩句主語，很明顯知道不是題目中要求的professor pretty 所為，所以沒答案。其次看其謂語動詞calculated /added up，均表示過程，并非結(jié)果，所以答案一定不在這兩句中。在E段句中我們能再次發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞professor pretty .professor pretty draws a simple but memorable conclusion from all this :our food bills are actually threefold. 句中謂語動詞 draw a conclusion正是題目中concludes相應(yīng)，所以答案為 food bills。
23題采用絕招一，我們根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞Britain同樣很容易找到原文對應(yīng)段落和句子，再看題目中謂語reduce，我們可以初步斷定該處需填一個名詞，而且原文中會涉及到該名詞的缺點或者負面信息，原文中：but in Britain, where the immediate need to supply food is less urgent ,and the costs and damage of the intensive farming have been clearly seen....所以答案：intensive farming.
24題采用絕招二，關(guān)鍵詞farmers 定位，從謂語詞組would be unable to知道是farmers 不能怎么樣，同樣在原文找到farmers出現(xiàn)在G段第二句，organic farming would be too big jump in thinking and practices for many famers.....答案便是主語：organic farming
25題采用絕招四，難度系數(shù)較大。分析題目我們知道本句主語仍然是professor pretty ，謂語動詞wants，表明該事未發(fā)生，第三該空需要與establish搭配，那么我們可以清晰知道，所填之詞可能是某個組織或者標準，初步斷定會填一個大寫的詞或詞組。同樣按順序原則在G段（最后一段）最后幾句，F(xiàn)urthermore, the price premium would put....consumers. He is recommending the immediate introduction of a “Greener Food Standard”,which would push..... Such a standard would comprise.....
我們根據(jù)主語（人）和recommend=want能夠斷定答案：Greener Food Standard. 26題，27題乃并列關(guān)系采用絕招五，題目中attitudes可以斷定該處應(yīng)該填的是兩個人，因為只有人才有態(tài)度。所以答案：consumers and famers.
