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托福備考

托??谡Z(yǔ)復(fù)述規(guī)則

2019-01-21

來(lái)源:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

小編:胥倩倩 295
摘要:

  口語(yǔ)復(fù)述的實(shí)質(zhì)是將聽(tīng)到的和看到的話語(yǔ)用自己的話以口頭方式再轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)出來(lái)。“直接引述”是直接引用說(shuō)話人的原話,而要用自己的話把別人的意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來(lái)就稱為“間接轉(zhuǎn)述”。環(huán)球教育小編就和大家分享一下托??谡Z(yǔ)的復(fù)述規(guī)則,希望能幫助大家備考。

  托??谡Z(yǔ)考試中一般應(yīng)采用“間接轉(zhuǎn)述”的方法:針對(duì)特定問(wèn)題,用自己的話把讀到、聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話內(nèi)容或演講內(nèi)容再重復(fù)出來(lái)。對(duì)考生來(lái)說(shuō),這當(dāng)然是一個(gè)更高層次的要求。因?yàn)?,首先要?tīng)得懂、讀得懂別人的觀點(diǎn),其次才能在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行加工處理,變?yōu)樽约旱恼Z(yǔ)言再陳述出準(zhǔn)確意思來(lái)。這時(shí)候,“善于把別人的東西據(jù)為己有”就不再是一個(gè)“惡劣的行徑”了。此時(shí)此刻,它將轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)極為有效的、甚至是高效的手段,以此來(lái)達(dá)到“借雞下蛋”的目的。

  請(qǐng)看下面幾例:

  例1:My mother said: “I''m so tired that I don''t want to cook. Shall we eat out tonight?”

  →My mother said that she was so tired that she didn''t want to cook and she suggested that we should eat out that day.

  例2:Tom said: “I''ve already seen the film.”

  →Tom said that he had already seen the film.

  間接轉(zhuǎn)述應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)規(guī)則:

 ?、?在轉(zhuǎn)述的引語(yǔ)前一般要用連詞that:(如例1、例2所示);

 ?、?要根據(jù)意思改變?nèi)朔Q(如例4所示);

 ?、?當(dāng)要轉(zhuǎn)述的言語(yǔ)為連貫的話語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)用go on(繼續(xù)),continue(接著),add(補(bǔ)充)等,以及各種引述動(dòng)詞,如:note(指明),remark(談及)

 ?、?間接轉(zhuǎn)述不是重復(fù)原話,因此,時(shí)態(tài)要有所變動(dòng)。一般來(lái)講,現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)。指示代詞、地點(diǎn)及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也要作必要改動(dòng)。這種改動(dòng)大致可參照下表進(jìn)行。

  在直接引語(yǔ)中在間接引語(yǔ)中

  指示代詞this (place)

  these (places)that (place)

  those (places)

  時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now

  today, tonight

  this week (month, etc.)

  yesterday

  last week (month, etc.)

  two days (a year, etc. ) ago

  tomorrow

  next week (month, etc.)then

  that day, that night

  that week (month, etc.)

  the day before, the previous day

  the week (month, etc.) before

  two days (a year, etc.) before (earlier)

  the next (following) day

  the next (following) week (month, etc.)

  表地點(diǎn)的詞herethere

  動(dòng)詞come, bringgo, take


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